Scientists from the Guy Foundation, in collaboration with the University of Westminster, have released a report that explores the key physiological and psychological challenges of living in space. The report also proposes innovative strategies to protect astronauts' health during long-term missions.
Professor Jimmy Bell, Head of the Research Centre for Optimal Health, and Dr Rhys Mould, Lead Scientist at the Quantum Biology Lab at the University of Westminster, worked alongside the team as part of the Guy Foundation’s Space Health Working Group to bring together the report, set out key goals and call on governments, institutions and private enterprises to prioritise investment in space health research to ensure the success and safety of humanity’s future in space. The report sets the scene for the new area of research, offering a road map of what research needs to be undertaken to improve the safety of space travel.
The report delves into several core areas, including the effects of microgravity and hypomagnetic fields on the human body, the impact of radiation exposure and the mental health challenges that accompany isolation and confinement. The team then explore the ways to reduce the risk of these negative effects in order to make space travel safer for astronauts.
Microgravity-induced health issues include muscle atrophy and bone density loss, which can be common issues caused by space travel. The researchers suggest that advances must be made in technologies such as artificial gravity systems and exercise regimes to prevent these degenerative conditions. They also examined recent breakthroughs in pharmacological treatments that aim to enhance tissue regeneration and slow down the adverse effects of prolonged weightlessness.
Radiation exposure remains a major concern for interplanetary missions, particularly to Mars, where the lack of Earth’s protective magnetic field increases risks. The report outlines strategies for shielding spacecrafts and habitats, along with the development of radioprotective drugs to mitigate potential damage to DNA and other cellular structures.
During their research the team also focused on mental health, with the report emphasising the profound psychological challenges astronauts face. Prolonged isolation, the monotony of confined environments and the pressures of high stakes missions can lead to anxiety, depression and cognitive fatigue. In order to prevent these symptoms among astronauts, the team identified key strategies, including immersive virtual reality technologies, to combat feelings of loneliness and promote emotional resilience.
The report does not stop at challenges but also celebrates opportunities. It explores the way space-health innovations can be used to support Earth-based healthcare, particularly for remote areas. For example, portable diagnostic tools and telemedicine systems designed for space can be repurposed to provide advanced care in rural or disaster-stricken areas.
The Guy Foundation is a UK-based charitable foundation established in 2018 to facilitate thinking and research on the role of quantum mechanics and thermodynamics in living systems, with the ultimate goal of using this understanding to advance healthcare.
Dr Mould said: "Our research into space health allows us to explore both the past and the future. How did Earth's conditions, such as gravity and the geomagnetic field, influence our evolution? And as we prepare for journeys beyond Earth, how will we adapt to life without these familiar forces? This fascinating field of study is one we are thrilled to contribute to, thanks to the generous support of the Guy Foundation.”
Westminster’s work with The Guy Foundation directly contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3: Good Health and Wellbeing, 9: Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure and 17: Partnerships for the Goals. Since 2019, the University of Westminster has used the SDGs holistically to frame strategic decisions to help students and colleagues fulfil their potential and contribute to a more sustainable, equitable and healthier society.
Read the full report.
Learn about studying in the School of Life Sciences at the University of Westminster.
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